Question 1 The nurse is disappointed with not being able to provide educational materials in a non-English-speaking patient’s primary language.What can the nurse do to serve as an advocate when providing  culturally competent care?

1. Find or create materials to meet the patients’ needs.
2. Teach the patient in English.
3. Provide educational materials written in English.
4. Ask the physician to talk with the patient.

Question 2 A patient from a non-English-speaking culture comes into the health clinic seeking care. The nurse is unable to determine the patient’s primary language. What should the nurse do?

1. Notify Security 

2. Encourage the patient to seek care elsewhere 

3. Ask for help to determine the patient’s primary language 

4. Contact a homeless shelter 

Question 3 A health care organization provides care to individuals of whom 75% are from non-English-speaking cultures. When determining the languages to represent within the organization, on which will the organization focus?

Select all that apply.

1. Spanish

2. Chinese

3. French

4. German

5. Arabic

Question 4 The staff development instructor is planning a seminar that focuses on the variables leading to generational conflict. What will the instructor include in this content?

Select all that apply.

1. Decade of birth

2. Generation in the United States

3. Class

4. Language

5. Socialization

Question 5 The nurse is planning care for a group of patients from different cultural backgrounds. What aspects of the nurse will impact how the patients access and respond to health care services?

Select all that apply.

1. Cultural background

2. Heritage

3. Language

4. Role

5. Age

Question 6 The staff development educator is analyzing ways to incorporate cultural competency concepts in continuing education programs. How will the educator explain the concept of cultural competency to staff?

1. Philosophy

2. Condition

3. Theory

4. Fad

Question 7 A health care organization is planning continuing education for all staff on culturally and linguistically appropriate service delivery.Which category of culturally and linguistically appropriate services  in health care will this action support?

1. Fundamentals of culturally competent care

2. Speaking of culturally competent care

3. Structuring culturally competent care

4. Manage the dynamics of difference

Question 8 When a health care provider takes the time to learn the underlying background of a patient to provide the best possible health care, which type of cultural care is being provided?

1. Appropriate

2. Sensitive

3. Designated

4. Competent

Question 9 The Department of Nursing with a health care organization is planning steps that reflect the Joint Commission’s recommendations for cultural competence. What will the nursing department include in these steps?

Select all that apply.

1. Value diversity

2. Assess themselves

3. Manage difference

4. Acquire cultural knowledge

5. Hire staff from different cultures

Question 10 The staff nurse is identifying ways to communicate care needs for a patient from a non-English-speaking culture. How will the nurse use the tool within the Joint Commission monograph roadmap for hospitals to help with this need?

Select all that apply.

1. Access a checklist to use during the admission process.

2. Follow the steps in the assessment checklist.

3. Review the points during the phases of treatment.

4. Identify all of the steps needed for discharge.

5. Recognize ways to adapt to the patient’s culture.

Question 11 The nurse is planning care to address health care needs for a non-English-speaking patient and family. What would the nurse use as a guide for this care?

1. Checklist

2. Standardized care plan

3. Nursing textbook

4. Care map

Question 12 A health care organization is incorporating culturally and linguistically appropriate services into the strategic plan. In which areas of the plan will these services be reflected?

Select all that apply.

1. Goals

2. Policies

3. Operational plans

4. Management accountability

5. Internal audits

Question 13 The health care organization has made a conscious effort to provide linguistically appropriate services to its predominantly Hispanic population, incorporating within its staff members from different Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America. Which cultural care concept is this organization implementing?

1. Language proficiency

2. Cultural competence

3. Cultural sensitivity

4. Cultural appropriateness

Question 14 Which behavior of a health care provider exemplifies culturally competent care?

1. Delivering care that demonstrates understanding and application to the patient’s situation

2. Speaking the patient’s language.

3. Understanding some health traditions of the patient.

4. Knowledgeable of the patient’s cultural background.

Question 15 The nurse is planning the care for a patient from a non-English-speaking culture. Which terms would the nurse use that reflect cultural care?

Select all that apply.

1. Literacy

2. Refugee

3. Silence

4. Sacred times

5. Surgery

Question 16 The nurse is unable to locate an interpreter to support a patient from a non-English-speaking culture. The patient asks a family member to interpret for the staff. What would the nurse do to ensure culturally and linguistically appropriate services for this patient?

1. Use the family member as an interpreter until a non–family member can be located.

2. Write the questions down for the patient to answer.

3. Do nothing until an interpreter can be located.

4. Use sign language.

Question 17 The nurse practitioner is ensuring that an adequate amount of educational materials are printed in languages that reflect the patient population. What are the reasons for this health care provider treating a more diverse patient population?

Select all that apply.

1. Demographic changes

2. Participation in insurance programs

3. Reflects the nurse practitioner’s cultural background

4. The nurse practitioner is from a minority group.

5. The educational materials will teach the patient how to be healthy or ill.

Question 18 The nurse is completing a survey that includes questions about different aspects of cultural competence. What is the purpose of this survey?

1. Assessment of cultural competence

2. Manage the dynamics of difference

3. Value diversity

4. Institutionalize cultural knowledge

Question 19 Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) ask the nurse to explain the difference between cultural care and other types of care. What would the nurse say in response to the UAP?

1. It is holistic.

2. It is a fad.

3. It focuses on scientific theory.

4. It is a belief system.

Question 20 Which action would a hospital administrator take to meet the cultural and linguistic needs of Spanish-speaking community members?

1. Hire professional staff from different Spanish-speaking countries.
2. Ensure that all health care workers speak Spanish.
3. Ensure that all signage is posted in Spanish as well as English.
4. Ensure health services are in varying locations.

 

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Maurer and Smith (2013) define a geopolitical community as a spatial designation, either a geographical or geopolitical area, that is formed by natural or human-made boundaries. I live in Phoenix, Arizona which does not have a distinct boundary such as a river or mountain.  However, it has the Salt River Project which helped develop canal systems to allow for millions of people to live in the desert with access to water.  It is my geopolitical community because it is a geographical location and is also the state capitol.  One example of a man-made boundary in my community are zones which dictate the specific school our children attend. 

A phenomenological community is another way of looking at the community in terms of the citizens’ feeling of belonging or awareness of membership rather than a spatial designation. (Maurer & Smith, 2013). My phenomenological community is a middle-class neighborhood where residents are like-minded but have diverse cultures, ethnicities, and religious backgrounds.  We share common interests such as an active home owner’s association and neighborhood block watch.  There are numerous religious institutions surrounding our community. 

Cultural diversity would be a challenge for community health nurses in providing care to different communities and populations.  This is where the nurse needs to be aware of their own biases and beliefs while ensuring they are providing culturally competent care.  It is important to stay up-to-date and educated by such means as taking CEU’s.  Some communities may have limited means and the nurse will have to adapt to working with what is available.  Benefits include bringing the nurses insight, experience, and ideas to the community that may not have been thought possible.  When working with a similar or same community to the nurse’s own background, the community must still begin with an assessment by using the nursing process.  Assumptions should not be made.  While working in the same community, benefits include the firsthand knowledge of what issues are present in the community and what has worked and failed in the past.  Understanding of culture and diversity is an asset.  Addressing challenges needs to be done while prioritizing needs. According to Maurer & Smith (2013), physical, psychological, social, cultural, economic, and political considerations affect the appropriateness of strategies to solve a problem in any given community.  Taking time to assess the culture and needs of the community while building trust is key to addressing the people and the issues identified. 

Reference

Maurer, F.A. & Smith, C.M.  (2013). Community/public health nursing practice (5th ed.)

 

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A healthy community may be one that has a lower risk of chronic disease and utilizes education and prevention strategies to promote health and reduce risk.  Community health nursing is a combination of nursing and public health practices that focus on prevention, health promotion, risk reduction, and well-being of a community or population (GCU, 2015). 

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was attempting to address community health issues by the implementation of the Health Communities Program (HCP).  Unfortunately, this program is no longer funded.  However, the goal for the HCP was to partner with local and state officials to prevent chronic diseases, educate, and promote strategies to help people make healthy choices in all aspects of life (CDC, 2017).  Therefore, one example of a healthy community would be one that provides support by way of physical activity (safe and clean places to exercise and play), availability of healthy food (more farmers markets, fresh produce and meat vs. corner stores with less healthy selections), and smoke-free/drug free environments. There are many other things a healthy community could do such as workshops, cooking classes, exercise groups, or various types of clubs to get people (old and young) out and active. 

One thing that the CDC states is necessary to successful prevention of chronic diseases is providing the community with “the tools needed to achieve health equity and prevent chronic diseases” (CDC, 2017).  As a healthcare provider, I would utilize workshops or information sessions that include fact-based health information regarding prevention of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, stroke, and heart disease or any other topic of interest within the community.  I would integrate how diet and exercise can help change these diagnosis’ and provide information and motivation to pursue healthier lifestyles.  Getting people involved in their own community can help change the community, as a whole, for the better. Community/public health nursing is the care provided by educated nurses in a particular place and time directed toward promoting, restoring, and preserving the health of the total population or community (Maurer & Smith, 2013).

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Community Health. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dch/programs/healthycommunitiesprogram/index.htm

Grand Canyon University. (2015). Community/Public Health Nursing. Retrieved from https://lc-ugrad3.gcu.edu/learningPlatform/user/users.html?operation=loggedIn#/learningPlatform/loudBooks/loudbooks.html?viewPage=current&operation=innerPage&currentTopicname=Community/Public Health Nursing&topicMaterialId=2b3f8ae0-96dc-4f8c-b87f-0d2a95bbfcef&contentId=85fb1640-13b9-4e0a-ab2b-e930aaefb65f&

Maurer, F.A. & Smith, C.M. (2013). Community/Public Health Nursing Practice (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elseveir Saunders.  

 

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Part  I: Negligence Liability

Negligence, which is  often an unintentional  action, occurs when a person either performs or fails  to perform an  action that a reasonable professional person would or would not  have  performed in a similar situation (Fremgen, 2012).

When a person is injured,  they sue under  tort law (“a wrongful act against another person”). The  unintentional  tort of negligence is the most often cause of lawsuits for  healthcare  professionals (Fremgen, 2012).

Charges of negligence  against a physician  or other healthcare professional arise because the  patient or family is  not happy with the outcome of the treatment or procedure  (Fremgen,  2012). A jury in a negligence trial would have to determine if a   reasonable professional person would have done the same action.  Malpractice  is the wrongdoing or negligence committed by a professional  person, such as a  medical professional (Fremgen, 2012).

• By  using your experience or resources on the Internet, present a case of  negligence against a physician. 
• Will  such a case impact the liability of a hospital? Why or why not? 

Justify your  answers with appropriate  research and reasoning by using examples and  references from textbooks,  the South University Online Library, and other  acceptable references.  Cite sources in the APA format. Further, comment on  the postings of at  least two peers.

Part  II: Risk Management in Health Care

Risk management  is a practice used to  control or minimize the incidence of problem behavior  that might result  in injury to patients and employees, and ultimately, it  becomes a  liability for the physician/employer (Fremgen, 2012). A key factor  in  risk management is to identify problem behaviors and practices in an  organization  such as a hospital or medical office. A plan of action is  then put into  practice to eliminate these problem behaviors.

Accordingly,  respond to the following questions:

• What  is the role of risk management and corporate compliance programs in a health  care facility? 
• Will  the role of these programs differ depending on  the type of the facility, for  example, hospital versus nursing home?  Why or why not? 

Justify your  answers with appropriate  research and reasoning by using examples and  references from textbooks,  the South University Online Library, and other  acceptable references.  Cite sources in the APA format. Further, comment on  the postings of at  least two peers.

Source: 

Fremgen, B.  (2012). Medical law and ethics. (4th  ed.). Boston, MA: Prentice
             Hall.  

 

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